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The lender or institution that gives a mortgage loan — usually a bank or credit union. Basically, the mortgagee is the one who receives the mortgag ...

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Government or control by a privileged, noble class — power held by people of hereditary rank or high social status. : اشراف سالاری / حکومت اشراف T ...

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An economy that is driven and dominated by the wealthy elite — a system where a small, rich class controls a huge share of production, consumption, a ...

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Not having sexual relations, especially because of a religious vow or personal choice. : عَزب / مجرد ( به ویژه از روی نذر یا اعتقاد ) 👉 Noun: A ...

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A trendy or fashionable word or phrase that gets used a lot in a particular field ( business, tech, education ) but may not always have real substanc ...

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Literal: a device used to trigger an explosion. It sets off the main charge ( like TNT or dynamite ) . : چاشنی انفجار / چاشنی بمب Figurative: anyt ...

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Literal / Military: the front part of an army that moves first into battle — the “advance guard. ” : پیشاهنگ / طلایه داران Figurative / Modern: the ...

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Misogyny ( /mɪˈsɒdʒəni/ ) 👉 Hatred, prejudice, or contempt for women. : زن ستیزی Root: Greek misos ( hatred ) gyne ( woman ) . Shows up in lan ...

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Basic goods or raw materials that can be bought, sold, or traded, especially products of agriculture or mining. e. g. wheat, oil, gold, cotton. : ...

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🌟 Plato ( 428–348 BCE ) Student of Socrates. Loved abstract, perfect forms — believed there’s a higher, immaterial realm of eternal “Forms” ( Id ...

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Materialism ( /məˈtɪəriəlɪzəm/ ) 👉 Noun: has two big meanings, one philosophical, one everyday: Philosophy: the belief that matter ( physical stu ...

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Egalitarian ( /ɪˌɡ�lɪˈtɛəriən/ ) 👉 Adjective/Noun: Adjective: believing in or based on the principle that all people are equal and deserve the sa ...

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Demiurge ( /ˈdɛmiˌɜːrdʒ/ ) 👉 Noun: In ancient philosophy ( especially Plato ) , the Demiurge is the craftsman or creator of the universe — not ne ...

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Bourgeoisie ( /ˌbʊrʒ. wɑːˈziː/ or /ˌbʊrʒ. wɑːˈzi/ ) 👉 Noun: the middle and upper - class property owners, especially the people who own the factor ...

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Dialectic ( /daɪəˈlɛktɪk/ ) 👉 Noun: a method of examining or discussing ideas in order to discover the truth by comparing opposite viewpoints. It’ ...

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The proletariat is the social class of people who do not own the means of production ( like factories, land, or machinery ) and must sell their labor ...

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Contexts & Collocations 🎯 envision a future / plan / project 🛠️ → “She envisioned herself running her own business. ” envision success / growth � ...

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👉 Definition: The incentive theory says people are motivated to do things because of external rewards or outcomes ( not just inner needs ) . In othe ...

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to offer a specific amount of money for something, usually in an auction or competitive situation, hoping to win it. : پیشنهاد قیمت دادن، مزایده کرد ...

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Vivid ( /ˈvɪv. ɪd/ ) 👉 Adjective: bright, clear, full of life and detail. : روشن، واضح، زنده، پررنگ Uses & Collocations: vivid colors / images ...

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Noun/Adverb: moving in perfect, rigid, synchronized alignment with others — both literally ( like soldiers marching ) and figuratively ( when people/ ...

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Adjective/Adverb: not straight, not in the correct position; tilted, crooked, off to the side. : کج، نامرتب Collocations: hang askew sit askew p ...

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👉 A language teaching method developed in the 1970s by Georgi Lozanov, a Bulgarian psychotherapist. 👉 Based on the idea that students learn best w ...

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to make something happen faster, to speed up a process. : تسریع کردن، زودتر انجام دادن

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Elegant ( /ˈelɪɡənt/ ) ✨ 👉 stylish, graceful, classy, beautiful in a simple, refined way. : زیبا، برازنده، شیک Contexts & Collocations: Clothes ...

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1. Sleek ( /sliːk/ ) 👉 Adjective: smooth, shiny, stylish, elegant, well - designed. : براق، خوش ساخت، شیک Contexts: Appearance / hair / body: ...

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to slow down, block, or prevent progress. It’s like putting an obstacle in someone’s way. : مانع شدن، سد راه شدن Collocations: impede progress/dev ...

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1. Fumble 👐 👉 to handle something awkwardly with your hands or mess up a simple action. Focus: hands / simple tasks / clumsy moves : دست پاچه ک ...

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to move your hands awkwardly while searching for something or to act in a clumsy/confused way when trying to do something. : دست پاچه چیزی را گشتن ...

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روش �کلاس معکوس� یعنی دانش آموزان درس ( مثل توضیح گرامر یا لغت ) را بیرون از کلاس با ویدیو یا متن یاد می گیرند و وقت کلاس برای تمرین، مکالمه و فعالیت ...

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symmetry ( /ˈsɪm. ə. tri/ ) 👉 Noun: the quality of being symmetrical, having two equal or balanced sides. : تقارن Examples: “The butterfly’s wi ...

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A cemetery may look peaceful when its rows of graves form a kind of solemn symmetry, but the stories beneath — from the wretched to the ascetic — rem ...

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something that has two sides that are the same in size, shape, or arrangement, like a mirror reflection. : متقارن، هم سان

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describing a person who practices strict self - discipline and avoids indulgence or luxury, usually for religious or spiritual reasons. : زاهد، مرت ...

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to talk with too much pride about something you have, achieved, or can do — often to show off. It can be playful, cocky, or straight - up annoying d ...

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djective: refusing to be persuaded; firm, unshakable, stubborn ( in a strong, determined way ) . : سرسخت، انعطاف ناپذیر، مصر Collocations: adaman ...

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عبوس، خشک، گرفته Collocations: dour expression / face dour personality / character dour building / landscape

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“reminding you of something” or “suggestive of something from the past. ” It doesn’t mean remembering itself, but rather triggering memories or assoc ...

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👉 Noun: a substance used for sticking things together ( glue, tape, cement ) . 👉 Adjective: something that is able to stick or designed to stick. ...

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Think cohesive = co adhesive ( glue ) → “glued together. ” 🧩

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Formal/old - fashioned word meaning “from now on” or “starting this moment and continuing into the future. ” It’s the fancy cousin of “from now on”—y ...

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👉 Literally: long life or long duration of something. It can be about how long a person lives, or how long something ( like an idea, tradition, car ...

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The Mozart Effect comes from a 1993 study where college students listened to Mozart’s Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major ( K. 448 ) before taking a spa ...

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📖 What It Actually Is The Mozart Effect comes from a 1993 study where college students listened to Mozart’s Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major ( K. 4 ...

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Selective Attention in Language Learning 🎧📚 👉 In psychology, selective attention means focusing on certain stimuli while ignoring others. In lang ...

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Stephen Krashen’s idea ( 1980s ) : Language acquisition depends not just on input, but also on the learner’s emotional state. Factors that raise t ...

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1 ) effective ✅ 👉 Practical, results - based. If something is effective, it works well or achieves its goal. “The new medicine is effective again ...

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go on the wagon ( idiom ) 👉 To stop drinking alcohol, usually after drinking heavily before. It often implies a serious or determined effort. “A ...

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1 ) As a noun: 👉 A line or barrier ( of people, police, soldiers, or objects ) set up to stop entry or control movement. “Police set up a cordon ...

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1 ) As an adjective ( most common ) : 👉 A deep, rich red color, often with a hint of purple. “She wore a crimson dress to the banquet. ” 👗 “The ...