circumstance

*
one's state of financial or material welfare
*
ARCHAIC: ceremony and public display
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: etymology
circum -
word - forming element meaning "around, round about, all around, on all sides, " from Latin adverb and preposition circum "around, round about, " literally "in a circle, " probably accusative form of circus "ring" ( see circus ) . The Latin word was commonly used in word - formation. In French, the element became circon - ; Kitchin points out that con for cum is common even in classical Latin. For sense development, compare German rings "around. "
*sta -
*stā - , Proto - Indo - European root meaning "to stand, set down, make or be firm, " with derivatives meaning "place or thing that is standing. "
Middle English: from Old French circonstance or Latin circumstantia, from circumstare ‘encircle, encompass’, from circum ‘around’ stare ‘stand’
The prefix circum - which means “around” and the Latin root word circ which mean “ring” both are influential in making up English words. For instance, the prefix circum - gave rise to the words circumference and circumstances, whereas the root circ gave rise to circle and circulation.
c. 1200, "a fact related to another fact and modifying it without affecting its essential nature" ( originally in reference to sins ) , from Old French circonstance "circumstance, situation, " also literally, "outskirts" ( 13c. , Modern French circonstance ) , from Latin circumstantia "surrounding condition, " neuter plural of circumstans ( genitive circumstantis ) , present participle of circumstare "stand around, surround, encompass, occupy, take possession of" from circum "around" ( see circum - ) stare "to stand, " from PIE root *sta - "to stand, make or be firm. " The Latin word is a loan - translation of Greek peristasis.
Meaning "a person's surroundings, environment" is from mid - 14c. Meaning "a particular detail, matter of small consequence" is from c. 1300; sense of "that which is non - essential" is from 1590s. Obsolete sense of "formality about an important event, ceremonious accompaniment" ( late 14c. ) lingers in Shakespeare's phrase pomp and circumstance ( "Othello" III, iii ) , taken by Edward Elgar as the title of his military march ( 1901 ) , which is a staple of U. S. graduations.
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They were victims of circumstance
We were obliged to go by force of circumstance
There are plenty of people in similar circumstance
افراد زیادی در شرایط مشابه وجود دارند.
The Soviet Union had been forced by circumstances to sign a pact with Nazi Germany
شوروی به دلیل شرایط مجبور به امضای پیمانی با آلمان نازی شده بود.
I can’t imagine a circumstance in which I would be willing to steal
نمی توانم شرایطی را تصور کنم که در آن حاضر به سرقت باشم.
in . . . circumstances
The rules can only be waived in exceptional circumstances
قوانین فقط در شرایط استثنایی قابل چشم پوشی هستند.
under . . . circumstances
Prisoners can only leave their cells under certain circumstances
زندانیان تنها در شرایط خاصی می توانند سلول های خود را ترک کنند.
the artists are living in reduced circumstances
we wanted to marry but circumstances didn't permit
pomp and circumstance
I think she coped very well under the circumstances
Obviously we can't deal with the problem until we know all the circumstances
She died in suspicious circumstances
We oppose capital punishment in/under any circumstances
Under no circumstances should you ( = you should not ) approach the man
The meeting has been cancelled due to circumstances beyond our control
The new circumstances compelled a change in policy
An unfortunate conjunction of circumstances led to his downfall
I'd planned a romantic evening together, but circumstances conspired against it - friends arrived unexpectedly and then Dave was called out to an emergency
The circumstances of her death have been hotly disputed
His tact was exemplary, especially considering the circumstances

stand در آلمانی یا stance در انگلیسی نیز به روشنی با واژه ایستادن و ایستاندن , هستن و هشتن در پارسی هم بُن و ریشه است. بنابراین واژگانی که از دلِ این فروکاهی بیرون می آیند، چنین هستند:
1 - پَرنهش یا پیرانهش:وضعیت، شرایط، چگونگی ) و از آن می توان کارواژه ( پَرنهادن ) یا واژه دیگری همچون ( پَرنهشتن ) را بکار گرفت.
2 - پَرایستایش و واژگانی همچون پَرایستادن و. . .
با توجه به این فروکاهی، واژگان درخورتری نیز می توان یافت ولی آنچه روشن است می بایست پیشوند ( پَر یا پیرا ) در این واژگان بکار آید.