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[Music]

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laughs

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Albert Einstein

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let's play a guessing game

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here are some clues about a famous

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person who lived a long time ago

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see if you can guess who this person is

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this person was born in ohm Germany in

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March of 1879. he spent most of his

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childhood in the city of Munich

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he was a famous scientist who is still

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very well known today

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in fact he is one of the most famous

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scientists who ever lived

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some people believe he had speech

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problems as a child because he didn't

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start talking until he was four years

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old

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however when he got older he often said

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he could talk before that he just didn't

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want to

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he also couldn't read until he was nine

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years old

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his parents feared that he wasn't very

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smart

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but that wasn't the case at all in fact

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he was brilliant

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even though he had some struggles with

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learning as a child he enjoyed school

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and liked to read on his own

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it is because of him that we have the

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well-known equation that says E equals m

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c squared

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here is a picture of him

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do you recognize our mystery scientist

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did you say Albert Einstein

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if you did you're right and if you

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didn't that's okay too because in this

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video you are going to learn all about

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him

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Albert Einstein's father owned an

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electronics store and it was here where

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Einstein became interested in science

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his father gave him a compass when

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Einstein was just five years old

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from that point on Albert learned as

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much as he could about science and

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electronics from his father

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in 1894 when Albert was 15 years old the

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Einstein family moved to Italy and

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searched for better work

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in addition to science Einstein also

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became interested in mathematics

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he wanted to study it in school

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it was in Switzerland where he finished

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his education

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in 1900 at the age of 21 he graduated

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from the Polytechnic Academy in Zurich

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Switzerland

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he earned a degree in math and physics

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but couldn't find work as a teacher

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when Albert Einstein became an adult

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people said that he was often

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disorganized and forgot appointments he

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even failed a test to get into college

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the first time he took it

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after college Einstein's first job was a

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clerk in a patent office

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a patent gives inventors the rights to

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make use or sell their invention

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patents prove that you are the person

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that invented a product

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they also prevent others from copying

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your work or taking credit for it

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while working in the patent office

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Einstein reviewed other people's

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inventions

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he also worked on many of his own

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discoveries and learned a lot

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three years after graduating college

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Einstein married his longtime girlfriend

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her name was maliva Merrick

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they had two sons named Hans Albert and

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Edward

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later though the marriage ended

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eventually Einstein married his cousin

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who was named Elsa lewinthal

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and they had one daughter named Margo

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Einstein was Jewish and during that time

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in history the Nazis were mistreating

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and even killing Jewish people who lived

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in Europe

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the Nazis were a group of German people

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led by Adolf Hitler they hated Jewish

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people and others who they thought

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weren't as good as them

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the Nazis were responsible for the

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Holocaust which led to the deaths of

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millions of people

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in 1933 Einstein moved to the United

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States to avoid the Nazis in Germany

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and in 1940 he became a formal citizen

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of the United States

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Einstein's most important contribution

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to the world of physics and science is

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his theory of relativity

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a theory is an idea about how something

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works

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his theory changed how scientists

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studied the universe

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it led to many modern inventions

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including nuclear energy

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nuclear energy is the energy that holds

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atoms together

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when the atom is split it releases that

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energy

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even though Einstein was against War his

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Discovery led to the research and

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development of a famous bomb in our

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world history

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that bomb was called the atomic bomb

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the atomic bomb was a very powerful

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explosive device

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it was used during World War II to blow

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up Hiroshima and Nagasaki which are two

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cities in Japan

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though Einstein did not directly work on

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inventing the bomb his work and

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scientific discoveries were important

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for the bomb's development

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because of that his name is often

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associated with the atomic bomb

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one equation from Einstein's theory of

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relativity is E equals m c squared

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the C in this equation represents the

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speed of light

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that light is the fastest speed possible

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in the universe

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nothing can go faster than how quickly

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light travels

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the e in the equation equals energy and

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the m equals mass

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Einstein's theory is very complicated

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but it basically says that the more mass

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an object has or the faster it is going

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the more energy it has for instance if

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you roll a bowling ball and a tennis

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ball down a hill the bowling ball would

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get to the bottom quicker than the

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tennis ball

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that's because the bowling ball has more

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mass than a tennis ball

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that mass is what gives the bowling ball

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more energy

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making it move down the hill quicker

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Einstein also taught that speed is

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relative to The Observer

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how fast you feel or see something

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moving depends on how close you are to

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that object

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for example an airplane travels around

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500 miles per hour in the sky that's

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very fast but when you are sitting on an

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airplane it doesn't feel that fast

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because you are moving with the airplane

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as it flies through the air

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but if the same airplane flew over your

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house and you were on the ground

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watching it the airplane would appear to

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be moving a lot quicker

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a lot of Albert Einstein's work is our

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basis for physics today we work from a

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lot of his ideas and discoveries as we

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create new things

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Einstein's theory of relativity has led

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to the creation of GPS systems the first

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TVs ever made nuclear power plants and

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many other things

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in 1905 Einstein discovered that light

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is made up of particles called photons

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most other scientists disagreed with his

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idea

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however in 1919 people realized that he

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was right

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and in 1921 he was given a very

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impressive award called the Nobel Prize

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Nobel prizes are awarded every year for

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accomplishments in academic cultural or

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scientific advances

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with the help of another scientist named

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satyendra Bose

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Einstein discovered another state of

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matter besides solid liquid and gas

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this discovery is used today in lasers

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and superconductors

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Einstein was a great scientist but he

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used to tell people that if he were not

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a physicist he would have been a

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musician

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he gained a love for music from his

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mother and enjoyed playing the violin

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and piano in a spare time

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Albert Einstein died of heart failure in

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the United States on April 18

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1955. at the age of 76

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his body was cremated but his brain was

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preserved by scientists they hoped by

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studying it they could find out why he

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was such a genius

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sure enough they discovered that his

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brain is different than those of most

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humans

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in 1999 Time magazine named Albert

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Einstein the person of the century

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that means they thought he was the most

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interesting person that lived during the

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last hundred years

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Albert Einstein struggled with education

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early in his life

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but he did not give up

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he worked hard and went on to become one

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of the most brilliant people in history

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so if you sometimes wonder if you are

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smart because you struggle in school

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remember that one of the most famous

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people in history started out struggling

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too so never give up and one day you

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might become the next Albert Einstein

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hope you had fun learning with us visit

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us at learnbrite.org

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for thousands of free resources and

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TurnKey solutions for teachers and

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homeschoolers

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[Music]