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hello and welcome everyone this is minoo

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at anglo-link and this is our sixth

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video in our series like the tenses in

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the first five videos we've looked at

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some present and past tenses which I

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hope you've enjoyed and learned a lot

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from and now it's time to move on to the

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future tenses and today we'll begin with

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well and go into so when you're ready we

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can begin right future simple and go

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into future let's look at formulation

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fast now future simple is really the

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simplest tense in English just add will

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to your pronoun and then the infinitive

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so I'll do it you'll do it he'll do it

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she'll do it it will do it you will do

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it we'll do it and finally they'll do it

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you notice that we'll contracts to rule

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let's look at the formulation of the

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going to future we're going to future

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you simply conjugate the verb to be

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then add going to and then the

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infinities let's have a look I'm going

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to do it you're going to do it he is

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going to do it she is going to do it

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it's going to do it

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you're going to do it we're going to do

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it and finally they're going to do it

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let's move on to usage now future simple

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future simple has two main usages the

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first one is to express the possibility

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in the future and in this case we

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usually put in an expression of

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possibility in our sentence expressions

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such as I hope I think maybe probably

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let's look at some examples it will

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probably rain tonight

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I hope he'll pass his test if we don't

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hurry we'll miss our flight

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the second usage of the future sample

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tense is when you make a decision at the

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time of speaking this usually happens in

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a dialogue someone says something or

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asks you to do something and you react

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and when you react you use the future

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simple let's look at examples someone

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says it's terribly cold in this room and

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you decide at that moment to put the

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heater on for them you use the future

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simple I'll put the heater on fear

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someone calls and says may I speak to

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mr. Rossi please you decide which you'll

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put them through to mr. Rossi and you'll

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say hold on

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I'll put you through let's look at

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another example someone says to you I'd

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love to see the town having heard this

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you decide to show them around so you

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say really okay I'll show you around now

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let's look at the usage of the going to

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future again there are two main usages

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the first one is to indicate some form

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of certainty for the future something

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that's certain to happen let's look at

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some examples look at those black clouds

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it's going to rain any minute he has

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studied really hard he's definitely

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going to pass his test the roads are all

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blocked we're going to miss our flight

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let's look at the second usage of the

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going to future when you talk about a

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decision or a plan you have made before

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the time of speaking for example I'm

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cold I'm going to put the heater on mr.

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Rossi isn't here I'm going to put you

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through to his assistant I know you want

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to see the town I'm going to show you

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around

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let's compare the two tenses for each

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usage let's look at the first usages of

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well and going to as you will remember

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we'll was to express a possibility and

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go into was to express certainty let's

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compare the examples it'll probably rain

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tonight we're not sure

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compare that with look at those black

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clouds it's going to rain any minute

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it's certain there is no doubt the next

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example was I hope he'll pass his test

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but I'm not sure

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compare that with he has studied really

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hard he is definitely going to pass his

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test the word definitely underlines the

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certainty in this tense and the final

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example was if we don't hurry we'll miss

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our flight there's a possibility of

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missing your flight however if the roads

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are all blocked and there is certainty

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that you will miss your flight it will

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say we're going to miss a flight there

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is no doubt let's look at the second

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usages of the two tenses and compare

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will was for a decision at the time of

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speaking whereas going to was for a

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decision made before the time of

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speaking let's compare the examples in

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the dialogue someone said it's terribly

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cold in this room and your reaction was

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I'll put the heater

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fear whereas if you're cold yourself and

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you decide to put the heater on then you

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can tell the listener I'm cold I'm going

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to put the heater on you made this

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decision before you spoke to him or her

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our second example was on the phone

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someone said may I speak to mr. Rossi

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please and you decided to connect them

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so you said hold on I'll put you through

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but Mr Rossi wasn't there so you decided

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that you would put them through to his

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assistant and you told themselves mr.

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Ross isn't here I'm going to put you

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through to his assistant and our final

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example was someone said I'd love to see

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the town you reacted in the dialogue by

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saying really okay I'll show you around

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whereas in the going to example you

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already knew that they wanted to see the

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town and you had decided to show them

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around so you said I know you want to

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see the town I'm going to show you

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around

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well that should clarify the differences

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between will I'm going to for you before

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we move on I'd just like to point out

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two words that you will come across

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quite often

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one is shell and the other is Ghana

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nutshell is a very formal word if used

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for the future tense it goes with

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pronouns I and we but if you use it you

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will sound quite formal you will be

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correct but form so you might hear or

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you might say

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in a formal situation instead of I'll

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see you later you can say I shall see

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you later

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we'll discuss this tomorrow if you want

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to sound more formal you could say we

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shall discuss this tomorrow Ghana is the

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opposite it's a very informal expression

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and it's just the contracted form of

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going to it's only appropriate in

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informal spoken contexts so instead of

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I'm going to watch your film tonight you

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could say what you could hear I'm going

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to watch your film tonight they're going

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to buy a new car in an informal

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situation you might hear they're going

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to buy a new car

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right then let's look at the common

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mistakes the most common mistake is

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using will instead of going to and vice

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versa so we're going to do an exercise

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we're going to look at four situations

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and get you to decide which tens would

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be better let's look at the first

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example and you will decide which answer

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which reaction sounds better someone

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says I'm sorry I can't hear you would

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you say okay I'll speak louder or would

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you say okay I'm going to speak louder

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take a moment to choose your answer and

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then we'll look at the correct answer

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that's right the correct answer is a

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you're making this decision at the time

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of speaking I'm sorry I can't hear you

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okay

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I'll speak louder let's look at our

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second example someone asks you what

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have you planned for the weekend

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now you don't have any plans what should

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you say nothing I'll probably stay home

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oh nothing I'm probably going to stay

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home take a moment to choose the

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sentence that sounds better to you

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correct the answer is a nothing I'll

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probably stay home because you're

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reacting to the question and deciding at

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the time of speaking to stay on you had

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no plans or decisions before you were

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asked let's move on to our third example

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someone asks you are you sure about this

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yes I know it will work

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oh yes I know it's going to work take a

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moment to choose your answer correct B

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yes I know it's going to work because

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you're sure about it you know and our

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last example someone asks you what have

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you decided about your flat and you have

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a decision will you say we'll set it or

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will you say we're going to sell it

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correct we're going to sell it because

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you've already decided before you are

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asked that question right then I hope

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you've enjoyed this video and as you

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know for more information to reread the

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explanations and to do some exercises

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you can go to our website and the link

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calm thank you for watching and I do

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look forward to seeing you in our next

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video bye now