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hello and welcome everyone this is minoo

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at anglo-link today's video is about

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word order that's the way that native

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speakers arrange their words in a

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sentence by the end of the video you

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will have a good understanding of how to

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sequence your words to construct an

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English sentence this will help you in

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two ways first of all it will improve

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your listening comprehension because you

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will be able to predict what type of

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information is likely to be next in a

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sentence it will also improve your own

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fluency because by learning the English

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word order you will be able to stop

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thinking in your own language and

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translating word-for-word into English

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now I've divided this lesson into two

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parts in the first part we're going to

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look at sentence structure and in the

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second part we're going to look at the

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position of adverbs like usually

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currently sometimes etc so please

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remember to subscribe so we can let you

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know when the second part of the lesson

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is online when you're ready we can begin

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with the first part of this lesson on

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word order word order part 1 in this

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part we're going to focus on sentence

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structure the most common order of the

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different elements of a sentence in

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English is who what where when how and

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why

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who what where when how and why a

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sentence usually begins with who that's

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a subject followed by what a verb for

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example John called or the bus returned

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notice that the subject can be a person

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or a thing now some verbs require an

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object the object is also part of the

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water element so make sure you keep the

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verb and its object together some verbs

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take a direct object for example John

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ate breakfast the bus hit the tree and

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some verbs take an indirect object

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that's an object that comes after a

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preposition for example John spoke to

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Julie or the bus collided with the tree

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now once you have your basic structure

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with who and what you can add the other

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elements in the following order where

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when how and why now not every sentence

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will have all these four elements there

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will be a selection of them in each

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sentence let's look at some examples

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John called when earlier and why to

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cancel his appointment

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John ate breakfast we're on the train

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when this morning and why because he was

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late the bus returned where to the

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station why to drop off the passengers

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the bus hit the tree how with great

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force now if one of these elements is

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composed of different parts we usually

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go from the smaller unit to the larger

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one for example if there are different

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elements of when the conference started

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at 10:00 a.m. on Tuesday last week the

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smaller element of when time at 10:00

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a.m. day on Tuesday and then week last

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week if you have different elements

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aware once again we go from the smaller

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one to the larger one they live in a

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flat in a big city in India a flat the

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city and then the country

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right there's a specific case I'd like

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to mention now you may occasionally hear

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a sentence start with an element other

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than who this happens when you want to

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emphasize that element and remember that

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your voice should emphasize it as well

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and in written form you should separate

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that element from the sentence with a

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comma just make sure that there is a

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good reason for emphasizing the element

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that you're putting at the beginning of

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the sentence or you will sound unnatural

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let's look at some examples let's start

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with putting where at the beginning of a

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sentence if we look at one of our

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earlier examples for example John ate

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breakfast on the train this morning and

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put the element of where that is on the

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train at the start of this sentence you

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will notice that it doesn't sound very

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natural on the train John ate breakfast

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this morning because there's no reason

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to emphasize this element it's unnatural

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however if we contrast on the train with

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another place for example at the office

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then we have a good reason to put this

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element at the beginning of the sentence

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on the train John was fine

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but at the office he felt sick let's

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look at an example where we put when at

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the beginning of the sentence we had the

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sentence earlier John called earlier to

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cancel his appointment let's put the

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element when that's earlier at the start

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earlier John call to cancel as a point

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and again as there is no particular

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reason to stress when it sounds

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unnatural however if we contrast the two

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times for example earlier with now then

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we have a good reason to put the time at

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the start of our sentence earlier John

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felt sick but now is alright let's have

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a look at putting the element how at the

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beginning of the sentence

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our original sentence was the bus hit

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the tree with great force put the how at

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the beginning with great force the bus

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hit the tree and it sounds unnatural but

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now let's add another element make it

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into a little story and there will be a

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reason for putting how at the beginning

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for example the bus swerved and with

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great force hit the tree and on one

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final example putting why at the

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beginning of the sentence

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we had a sentence the bus returned to

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the station to drop off the passengers

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let's move the element Y to the

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beginning to drop off the passengers the

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bus returned to the station once again

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it sounds unnatural but now let's

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emphasize the reason a bit more for

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example to drop off the passengers

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safely the bus returned to the station

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and it sounds fine so remember you can

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start a sentence with another element

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than who what but you have to have a

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good reason for it

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right it's time now to look at some

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common mistakes the first common mistake

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is separating the who from the verb or

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the verb from the object let's look at

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an example you here we two years ago

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bought this car let's color the elements

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and use notice immediately that the

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element when is in the wrong place

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it has separated the who from the what

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you must avoid this so let's put it in

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the right place

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we bought this car two years ago I look

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at another example some ate slowly his

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meal this time an element how has

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separated the verb from its object look

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at them in colors some ate slowly his

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meal ate and his meal are both parts of

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the element what and they should stay

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together so let's move slowly to where

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it belongs son ate his meal slowly the

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second common mistake is mixing the

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order of where when how and why let's

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look at some examples

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we drove at the weekend to the seaside

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if you bring the colors in you will see

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immediately what's gone wrong the where

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and the when or in the wrong place the

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correct order is we drove to the seaside

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at the weekend let's look at another

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example

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he goes by train to work

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once again the where and the how have

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been switched the correct order is he

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goes to work by train let's look at a

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third example they contact everyone

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because it's easier by phone if you look

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at the colors you notice that the Y has

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come before the house so let's switch

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them they contact everyone by phone

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because it's easier and one final

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example she went to town to post her

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letters this morning what's gone wrong

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is that the Y once again has come before

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the when let's put them in the right

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order she went to town this morning to

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post their letters well that's all for

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part one of our video on word order I

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hope you've enjoyed it as you know you

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can now go to our website angling com to

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review this point with further examples

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and online exercises and please also

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remember to rate comment and subscribe

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thank you for watching and I look

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forward to seeing you in part two of our

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video on world order where we will be

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looking at position of adverbs bye now