پیخال

از پهن گاو و پشگل گوسفند به عنوان کود حیوانی حتی در شهرها برای کاشت چمن پارک ها و کنار بزرگراه ها استفاده می شود.
در بعضی کشورها از جمله ایران از مدفوع انسانی نیز به عنوان کود در مزارع کشاورزی استفاده می شود. [۱][۲]
استفاده از پیخال ( مَدفوع ) به عنوان سوخت نیز در برخی کشورها که مشکل تامین سوخت دارند بسیار کاربردی است. از پشگل گوسفند مستقیما برای گرم کردن تنور|تنورهای نانوایی استفاده می شود. روستا نشینان ابتدا پهن گاو را به شکل قطعه های دایره شکلی بنام کَتَم در می آورند و بعد از خشکانیدن آنها در آفتاب از آن برای گرم کردن اجاغ های پخت و پز استفاده می کنند.
پیخال خواری [ویرایش]
برخی جانوران مانند خوکچه هندی بخاطر ضعف دستگاه گوارش خود مقداری از موارد مورد نیاز بدن خودشان را دفع می کنند و به همین خاطر به مدفوع خواری ( Coprophagia ) نیاز پیدا می کنند. خوکچه هندی بلافاصله پس از دفع مدفوع آنرا می خورد. خوک و خرگوش نیز از جمله جانوران مدفوع خوار است.
انسان موجودی پیخال خوار نیست اما بنا به پاره ای دلایل از جمله گرایش جنسی پیخال خواهی ( Coprophilia ) ، پزشکی و فرهنگی، پیخال خواری در انسان دیده می شود.
پیخال خواری در برخی بیماران مبتلا به جنون و یا جنون جوانی[۳] و افسرده [۴] دیده شده است.
جستارهای وابسته [ویرایش]
پیخال دوستی / پیخال خواهی ( coprophilia )
سنگ پیخال ( fecalith، coprolith، stercolith )
چرب پیخالی ( steatorrhea )
منابع [ویرایش]
↑ رادیو زمانه
↑ ماهنامه دام و کشت و صنعت
↑ Effective treatment of coprophagia in a patient with schizophrenia with the novel atypical antipsychotic drug perospirone
↑ Escalation of a fetish: coprophagia in a nonpsychotic adult of normal intelligence
در ویکی انبار پرونده هایی دربارهٔ پیخال ( مَدفوع ) موجود است.
این یک نوشتار خُرد زیست شناسی است. با گسترش آن به ویکی پدیا کمک کنید.
رده های صفحه: فیزیولوژی حیوانات دستگاه گوارش مدفوع توالت
از ویکی پدیا
همچنین:
Feces, faeces, or fæces ( see spelling differences ) , also known as excrement, is a waste product from an animal's digestive tract expelled through the anus or cloaca during defecation.
Contents [show]
Etymology
The word faeces is the plural of the Latin word fæx meaning "dregs". There is no singular form in the English language, making it a plurale tantum. [1] There are many colloquial terms for feces, of which some are considered profanity ( such as shit and crap ) while others ( such as poo, poop, number two, deuce, doodoo, dookie and doody ) are not. Terms such as dung, scat, spoor and droppings are normally used to refer to animal feces.
Stool is a common term normally used in reference to human feces. For example, in medicine to diagnose the presence or absence of a medical condition, a stool sample is sometimes requested for testing purposes. [2] The term "stool" can also be used for that of non - human species.
Ecology
The Cassowary disperses plant seeds via its feces.
Earthworm feces aid in provision of minerals and plant nutrients in an accessible form
After an animal has digested eaten material, the remains of that material are expelled from its body as waste. Though it is lower in energy than the food it came from, feces may still contain a large amount of energy, often 50% of that of the original food. [3] This means that of all food eaten, a significant amount of energy remains for the decomposers of ecosystems. Many organisms feed on feces, from bacteria to fungi to insects such as dung beetles, which can sense odors from long distances. [4] Some may specialize in feces, while others may eat other foods as well. Feces serve not only as a basic food, but also a supplement to the usual diet of some animals. This is known as coprophagia, and occurs in various animal species such as young elephants eating their mother's feces to gain essential gut flora, or by other animals such as dogs, rabbits, and monkeys.
Feces and urine, which reflect ultraviolet light, are important to raptors such as Kestrels, which are able to locate their prey by their middens and territorial markers. [5]
Seeds may also be found in feces. Animals which eat fruit are known as frugivores. The advantage for a plant in having fruit is that animals will eat the fruit and unknowingly disperse the seed in doing so. This mode of seed dispersal is highly successful, as seeds dispersed around the base of a plant are unlikely to succeed and are often subject to heavy predation. Provided the seed can withstand the pathway through the digestive system, it is not only likely to be far away from the parent plant, but is even provided with its own fertilizer.
Organisms which subsist on dead organic matter or detritus are known as detritivores, and play an important role in ecosystems by recycling organic matter back into a simpler form which plant . . .