پلا

نخستین بار در تاریخ هرودوت نامی از این شهر برده است و آن هم در بازگویی داستان لشکرکشی خشایارشا به تراکیه.
روم پس از سلوکیان بر این شهر چیرگی یافت و پایان کار شهر هم در روزگار امپراتوری بیزانس بوده است.
نمایی از بازمانده های یک کاخ در پلا
منابع [ویرایش]
لغتنامهٔ دهخدا، سرواژهٔ پلا
Wikipedia contributors, "Pella, " Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, http://en. wikipedia. org/w/index. php?title=Pella&oldid=305766816 ( accessed August 3, 2009 ) .
مختصات: ‏۰۹″ ۳۱′ ۲۲°شرقی ‏۳۶″ ۴۵′ ۴۰°شمالی ( نقشه )
در ویکی انبار پرونده هایی دربارهٔ پلا موجود است.
مطالعۀ بیشتر [ویرایش]
ویوئوکلیپ: 'مجسمه اسکندر، منازعه تازه بین مقدونیه ویونان'، تارنمای بی بی سی فارسی، ۲۳ ژوئن ۲۰۱۱ - ۰۲ تیر ۱۳۹۰
رده: شهرهای یونان باستان
قس عربی
بیلا أو پیلا بالباء الفارسیة، عاصمة مملکة مقدونیة ابتداء من القرن رابع ق. م. عواضا عن أیغیا عاصمتها القدیمة. دمّرها الرومان سنة 168 ق. م.
هذه بذرة مقالة عن تاریخ إغریقی تحتاج للنمو والتحسین، فساهم فی إثرائها بالمشارکة فی تحریرها.
هناک المزید من الصور والملفات فی ویکیمیدیا کومنز حول: بیلا ( الیونان )
تصنیف:
قس انگلیسی
Pella ( Greek: Πέλλα ) , an ancient Greek city located in the current Pella regional unit of Central Macedonia in Greece, was the capital of the ancient kingdom of Macedonia.
Contents [show]
[edit]Etymology
A common folk etymology is traditionally given for the name Pella, ascribing it to a form akin to the Doric Apella, originally meaning a ceremonial location where decisions were made. [1] However, the local form of Greek was not Doric, and the word exactly matches standard Greek pélla "stone", possibly referring to a famous landmark from the time of its foundation. [2] Another proposed etymology is that Pella originally meant "defensible citadel on a cliff", and this etymology is backed by the numerous ancient cities throughout Greece with similar name i. e. Pellana, Pallene, Palle, Pelle, Pelion, Palamede, Pellene, etc. The word Polis is most probably derived from that ancient meaning. [3]
[edit]History
An atrium in Pella with a pebble - mosaic paving
The city was founded in 399 BC by King Archelaus ( 413–399 BC ) as the capital of his kingdom, replacing the older palace - city of Aigai. [4] After this, it was the seat of the king Philip II and of Alexander, his son. In 168 BC, it was sacked by the Romans, and its treasury transported to Rome. Later, the city was destroyed by an earthquake and eventually was rebuilt over its ruins. By 180 AD, Lucian could describe it in passing as "now insignificant, with very few inhabitants".
Pella is first mentioned by Herodotus of Halicarnassus ( VII, 123 ) in relation to Xerxes' campaign and by Thucydides ( II, 99, 4 and 100, 4 ) in relation to Macedonian expansion and the war against Sitalces, the king of the Thracians. According to Xenophon, in the beginning of the 4th century BC, it was the largest Macedonian city. It was probably built as the capital of the kingdom by Archelaus, although there appears to be some possibility that it may have been Amyntas. It attracted Greek artists such the painter Zeuxis, the poet Timotheus of Miletus and the tragic author Euripides who finished his days there writing and producing Archelaus.
Archelaus invited the painter Zeuxis, the greatest painter of the time, to decorate it. He was later the host of the Athenian playwright Euripides in his retirement. Euripides Bacchae premiered here, about 408 BC. Pella was the birthplace of Philip II and of Alexander, his son. The hilltop palace of Philip, where Aristotle tutored young Alexander, is being excavated.
In antiquity, Pella was a port connected to the Thermaic Gulf by a navigable inlet, but the harbor has silted, leaving the site landlocked. The reign of Antigonus likely represented the height of the city, as this is the period which has left us the most archaeological remains.
Pella is further mentioned by Polybius and Livy as the capital of Philip V and of Perseus during the Macedonian Wars, fought against the Roman Republic. In the writings of Livy, we find the only description of how the city looked in 167 BC to Lucius Aemilius Paulus Macedonicus, the Roman who defeated Perseus at the battle of Pydna:
…[Paulus] observed that it was not without good reason that it had been chosen as the royal residence. It is situated on the south - west slope of a hill and surrounded by a marsh too deep to be crossed on foot either in summer or winter. The citadel the "Phacus, " which is close to the city, stands in the marsh itself, projecting like an island, and is built on a huge s . . .