shorthshot noiseshot noise distributionshot noise processshrinkage estimatorsiegel tukey testsigma fieldsigma isochronsigma latticesigma restrictionsign testsignalsignal detection theorysignal to noise ratiosignal trackingsigned measuresigned rank statisticsigned rank testsignificance levelsignificance level of a testsignificance probabilitysignificance testsignificant differencesignificant digitsignificant figuresignum functionsillsimes test of multiple hypothesessimilar matricessimilar regionssimilar testssimilarity measuresimple expansionsimple hypothesissimple n person gamesimple ordersimple random samplingsimplexsimplex designsimplex methodsimpson indexsimulated annealingsimulationsimulation languagesimultaneous confidence intervalsimultaneous confidence intervalssimultaneous equation modelsimultaneous inferencesimultaneous testingsingh maddala distribution