Semantic Roles ( or Thematic Roles ) :In linguistics, semantic roles describe the underlying relationship that a participant has with the main verb in a clause. They answer questions like “Who did what to whom, where, when, and how?” Some common semantic roles include:
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Agent: The initiator of an action ( e. g. , John threw the ball ) .
Patient: The entity undergoing the action or affected by it ( e. g. , John threw the ball ) .
Theme: The entity that is moved, perceived, or whose state is described. It’s the entity that is involved in the event or state, but not necessarily acting upon it or being acted upon in the same way as a patient.
Experiencer: The entity that experiences a psychological state or perception ( e. g. , Mary felt happy ) .
Location: Where something is ( e. g. , The book is on the table ) .
Goal: The destination of movement ( e. g. , John went to the store ) .
