Also called the Audiolingual Method ( ALM ) . It came out of the U. S. Army’s “Army Specialized Training Program” during WWII. Rooted in behaviorist psychology ( think B. F. Skinner ) , it believes language learning happens through habit formation — stimulus, response, reinforcement.
... [مشاهده متن کامل]
: روش شنیداری–گفتاری
📝 Core Features
Listening and speaking are taught before reading and writing.
Heavy use of drills, pattern practice, and dialogue memorization.
Grammar taught implicitly through patterns, not explanation.
No translation; everything happens in the target language.
Teacher is a model, students are imitators — accuracy before fluency.
🔗 Typical Activities
Repetition drills ( “I am reading, you are reading…” )
Substitution drills ( swap out parts of a sentence )
Transformation drills ( change statement to question, present to past )
Dialogues: memorize and act out in class ( mini - enactments ) .
✅ Strengths
Good for beginner learners to get quick speaking/listening control.
Provides clear structure and immediate feedback.
Works well with labs, tapes, or multimedia.
❌ Weaknesses
Can feel rigid and mechanical — like parroting rather than thinking.
May impede creativity and spontaneous speech.
Neglects communicative meaning; focus is form over content.
